papers polyclonal goat anti ccl2  (R&D Systems)

Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology

Article Title: The chemokine monocyte chemoattractant protein-1/CCL2 is a promoter of breast cancer metastasis

doi: 10.1038/s41423-023-01013-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: Detection of CCL2 in human BC tissues by IHC and correlations between CCL2 positivity and the level of TAM infiltration and cancer progression

Article Snippet: A smaller number of macrophages were observed in the tumors of mice treated with anti-mouse CCL2 polyclonal goat Ab (R&D Systems) compared with control mice.

Techniques: Expressing, Concentration Assay, Activity Assay, Activation Assay, Staining

Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology

Article Title: The chemokine monocyte chemoattractant protein-1/CCL2 is a promoter of breast cancer metastasis

doi: 10.1038/s41423-023-01013-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: Production of CCL2 by human BC cell lines. ND, not detected

Article Snippet: A smaller number of macrophages were observed in the tumors of mice treated with anti-mouse CCL2 polyclonal goat Ab (R&D Systems) compared with control mice.

Techniques:

Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology

Article Title: The chemokine monocyte chemoattractant protein-1/CCL2 is a promoter of breast cancer metastasis

doi: 10.1038/s41423-023-01013-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: The expression distribution of CCL2 mRNA in human BC cells. The abscissa represents the expression distribution of mRNA, and the ordinate represents different cell types. Different colors and the size of dots represent expression. The cell line mRNA expression matrix was obtained from the CCLE dataset ( https://portals.broadinstitute.org/ccle ) . The analysis was constructed with the R v4.0.3 software package ggplot2 (v3.3.3)

Article Snippet: A smaller number of macrophages were observed in the tumors of mice treated with anti-mouse CCL2 polyclonal goat Ab (R&D Systems) compared with control mice.

Techniques: Expressing, Construct, Software

Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology

Article Title: The chemokine monocyte chemoattractant protein-1/CCL2 is a promoter of breast cancer metastasis

doi: 10.1038/s41423-023-01013-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: The expression of Ccl2 mRNA in mouse BC cells. a The expression distribution of Ccl2 mRNA in 8 mouse BC cell types. The raw RNA sequencing data of 8 mouse BC cell types were obtained from the GEO database (ID: GSE104765). The R package edgeR was used to scale the raw data and generate scaled counts. The formula calcNormFactors (method = ‘TMM’) of the R package edgeR was used to scale every single sample to eliminate the variance in sequencing depth. The scaled data were extracted using the formula cpm() in the R package edgeR, and the scaled count values of Ccl2 were applied to build the graph using the R package ggplot2 . b The expression of Ccl2 mRNA in two 4T1 cell subtypes, HM.4T1 and LM.4T1, as determined by RT‒qPCR

Article Snippet: A smaller number of macrophages were observed in the tumors of mice treated with anti-mouse CCL2 polyclonal goat Ab (R&D Systems) compared with control mice.

Techniques: Expressing, RNA Sequencing, Sequencing

Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology

Article Title: The chemokine monocyte chemoattractant protein-1/CCL2 is a promoter of breast cancer metastasis

doi: 10.1038/s41423-023-01013-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: Direct effects of CCL2 on BC cells

Article Snippet: A smaller number of macrophages were observed in the tumors of mice treated with anti-mouse CCL2 polyclonal goat Ab (R&D Systems) compared with control mice.

Techniques: Activation Assay, Expressing, Marker, Migration

Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology

Article Title: The chemokine monocyte chemoattractant protein-1/CCL2 is a promoter of breast cancer metastasis

doi: 10.1038/s41423-023-01013-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of the disruption of the CCL2/CCR2 axis on BC progression in mouse BC models

Article Snippet: A smaller number of macrophages were observed in the tumors of mice treated with anti-mouse CCL2 polyclonal goat Ab (R&D Systems) compared with control mice.

Techniques: Disruption, Knock-Out, Injection

Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology

Article Title: The chemokine monocyte chemoattractant protein-1/CCL2 is a promoter of breast cancer metastasis

doi: 10.1038/s41423-023-01013-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: Comparison of the primary tumor size, spleen weight, and lung metastases after orthotopic implantation of 4T1 breast cancer cells in WT, Ccl2 -/- or Ccr2 -/- mice. One hundred thousand 4T1 cells were injected into the mammary pad of mice of each genotype, and the mice were euthanized 4 weeks after tumor cell inoculation

Article Snippet: A smaller number of macrophages were observed in the tumors of mice treated with anti-mouse CCL2 polyclonal goat Ab (R&D Systems) compared with control mice.

Techniques: Comparison, Injection

Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology

Article Title: The chemokine monocyte chemoattractant protein-1/CCL2 is a promoter of breast cancer metastasis

doi: 10.1038/s41423-023-01013-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: Association between CCL2 mRNA expression and overall survival (OS) of patients with BC, TNBC and TNBC without lymph node metastasis by the Kaplan‒Meier Plotter . Plots were generated with the RNA-seq data at https://kmplot.com/analysis/ . An auto-cutoff was used

Article Snippet: A smaller number of macrophages were observed in the tumors of mice treated with anti-mouse CCL2 polyclonal goat Ab (R&D Systems) compared with control mice.

Techniques: Expressing, Generated, RNA Sequencing

Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology

Article Title: The chemokine monocyte chemoattractant protein-1/CCL2 is a promoter of breast cancer metastasis

doi: 10.1038/s41423-023-01013-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: CCL2 produced in primary BC tumors promotes BC progression. CCL2 production by BC cells is increased by several mechanisms that involve CoREST1, miRNA, lncRNA, Twist1, dysadherin, KLF15, β-catenin, PTEN, NOTCH and HER2, and in response to stimuli, such as TLR4 ligands, TNFα, TGFβ, and estrogen. CCL2 is also produced by stromal cells, including macrophages, fibroblasts, ECs and pericytes, after activation by products of cancer cells and stromal cells. Decreased expression of FBXW7 in Mo-MDSCs and macrophages results in increased CCL2 production. Macrophages are the major CCL2-producing cells in the TME. Produced CCL2 promotes the recruitment of additional macrophages, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and endothelial precursor cells (EPCs), and angiogenesis. Additionally, CCL2 promotes BC cell migration, survival, EMT, and proliferation, leading to BC progression, especially lung and brain metastasis. CCL2 produced at the metastatic site by both cancer cells and macrophages plays an important role in the metastatic seeding of BC cells. Downregulation of lung and bone metastasis by BC cell-derived CCL2 has also been reported, but further clarification is needed

Article Snippet: A smaller number of macrophages were observed in the tumors of mice treated with anti-mouse CCL2 polyclonal goat Ab (R&D Systems) compared with control mice.

Techniques: Produced, Activation Assay, Expressing, Migration, Derivative Assay, Clarification Assay

Journal: The FEBS journal

Article Title: The group VIA calcium-independent phospholipase A 2 and NFATc4 pathway mediates IL-1β-induced expression of chemokines CCL2 and CXCL10 in rat fibroblasts.

doi: 10.1111/febs.14462

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 7. NFATc4 is critical for the induction of CCL2 and CXCL10 in IL-1-treated 3Y1 cells.

Article Snippet: Mouse and human IL-1, goat polyclonal anti-mouse CCL2, rat CXCL1, rat CXCL2, and mouse CXCL10 antibodies were purchased from R&D Systems (Minneapolis, MN, USA).

Techniques:

Journal: Theranostics

Article Title: Visualization of Tumor-Immune Interaction - Target-Specific Imaging of S100A8/A9 Reveals Pre-Metastatic Niche Establishment

doi: 10.7150/thno.17138

Figure Lengend Snippet: Secretion of S100A8/A9 by pro-inflammatory monocytes is under control of CCL2. ( a ) S100A8/A9 concentration in supernatant of FACS-sorted CCR2 + CX3CR1 low pro-inflammatory monocytes (n=5) and Gr-1 + CD115 neg (n=4) from spleens of 67NR and 4T1.2 tumor-bearing mice stimulated 48h with recombinant mouse CCL2. S100A8/A9 concentration was determined by ELISA in two independent experiments. ( b ) Axial and coronal images from SPECT analysis and relative in vivo tracer uptake in 4T1.2 tumor-bearing mice treated with an isotype control antibody (IgG) or a blocking anti-CCL2 antibody. The frequency of CCR2 + CX3CR1 low and average relative number of CCR2 + CX3CR1 low /10 6 live cells in spleens ( c ) and lungs ( d ) (n=4, for each organ and treatment analysed in two independent experiments 14d after tumor induction) is reduced under CCL2-blockade. Mean ± SE: * p <0.05.

Article Snippet: For CCL2 blocking, 4T1.2 tumor-bearing mice received an intraperitoneal injection of 100μg goat polyclonal anti-CCL2 antibody (R&D, Abingdon, UK) every other day beginning on day 4 after tumor inoculation, following established protocols .

Techniques: Control, Concentration Assay, Recombinant, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography, In Vivo, Blocking Assay

Journal: Theranostics

Article Title: Visualization of Tumor-Immune Interaction - Target-Specific Imaging of S100A8/A9 Reveals Pre-Metastatic Niche Establishment

doi: 10.7150/thno.17138

Figure Lengend Snippet: S100A8/A9-induced immune remodelling in lungs of mice 4T1.2-tumor bearing mice predicts metastasis. ( a ) Exemplary axial and coronal in vivo images from SPECT examination and relative tracer accumulation graphs of healthy control animals and 67NR or 4T1.2 tumor-bearing mice (d10 after tumor induction) after injection of the S100A8/A9-specific tracer or unspecific IgG to control for perfusion effects. While the unspecific IgG does not show any differences between the three groups, S100A9-SPECT reveals ongoing monocytes activation and immune remodelling in the 4T1.2 tumor-bearing mice, reflected by a strong tracer-accumulation. ( b ) Frequency of Gr-1 + CD115 + CCR2 + CX3CR1 low monocytes in lungs of control non tumor-bearing mice, 67NR and 4T1.2 tumor-bearing mice. The bar graph shows average frequency of Gr-1 + CD115 + and the relative number of CCR2 + CX3CR1 low /10 6 live cells from 5 independent experiments. ( c ) Expression of CD115 (blue), CCR2 (magenta) and S100A8/A9 (yellow) in frozen lung sections from 4T1.2-tumor bearing mice (n=3). Extracellular S100 signal is indicated by white arrows. ( d ) Representative plots and bar graph showing the frequency of mCherry + 4T1.2 cells in the lungs of 4T1.2 tumor-bearing mice at 10 and 20 days after tumor induction (n=4, one of two experiments shown). ( e ) Correlation between S100A8/A9 activity in the lungs of 4T1.2 tumor-bearing mice at day 10 and the frequency of mCherry + 4T1.2 tumor cells at day 21 after tumor induction (n=9). Red dots indicate animals that received anti CCL2 treatment. Mean ± SE: *** p <0.005, * p <0.05.

Article Snippet: For CCL2 blocking, 4T1.2 tumor-bearing mice received an intraperitoneal injection of 100μg goat polyclonal anti-CCL2 antibody (R&D, Abingdon, UK) every other day beginning on day 4 after tumor inoculation, following established protocols .

Techniques: In Vivo, Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography, Control, Injection, Activation Assay, Expressing, Activity Assay